From First Principles Podcast By Krishna Choudhary and Lester Nare cover art

From First Principles

From First Principles

By: Krishna Choudhary and Lester Nare
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From First Principles is a fast, funny, and rigorous breakdown of the biggest science stories of the week, hosted by Lester Nare and physicist Krishna Choudhary, PhD. We go past headlines into the actual mechanics: what happened, why it matters, and what everyone’s missing. Expect physics, space, AI, energy, biotech, and the occasional “wait… is that real?” story. If you’re curious, skeptical, and you like learning in public — you’re in the right place.Krishna Choudhary and Lester Nare Science
Episodes
  • AI Cancer Vaccines, Strange Fish, Ketamine, and Ancient Life (EP. 34)
    Mar 27 2026

    Hosted by Lester Nare and Krishna Choudhary, this episode is a fast-moving science rundown covering four remarkable stories from across AI, genetics, neuroscience, and paleontology. We dig into the story of a machine learning engineer who used AI tools to help design a personalized cancer vaccine for his dog, explore how an all-female fish species has survived far longer than evolutionary theory would predict, unpack new brain-scan evidence for how ketamine may rapidly relieve severe depression, and look at new research suggesting life rebounded shockingly fast after the asteroid that killed the dinosaurs.


    Summary


    AI and personalized medicine — a striking case study in how AI tools may help accelerate highly customized treatments, starting with a rescue dog named Rosie.


    Evolution gets weird — the Amazon molly fish appears to challenge the usual assumptions about why asexual reproduction should fail over long time scales.


    Why ketamine works so fast — new PET imaging research points to brain-region-specific changes in AMPA receptors in treatment-resistant depression.


    Life after catastrophe — microscopic plankton may have evolved into new species within just a few thousand years after the Chicxulub impact.


    Support the showDonate: FFPod.com/donateFollow: @FFPod on X / Instagram / TikTok / Facebook


    Show Notes

    AI-designed dog cancer vaccine story

    https://finance.yahoo.com/news/mans-dog-riddled-tumors-dying-210500037.html?guccounter=1


    Amazon molly / gene conversion paper

    https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-026-10180-9


    Ketamine / AMPA receptor PET imaging paper

    https://www.nature.com/articles/s41380-026-03510-w


    Post-asteroid plankton recovery paper

    https://www.yokohama-cu.ac.jp/english/news/20260306takahashi.html

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    45 mins
  • Can Human Neurons Really Play Doom? The Science Behind Wetware (EP. 33)
    Mar 24 2026

    Hosted by Lester Nare and Krishna Choudhary, this episode is a deep dive into one of the strangest science stories of the year: a dish of human neurons allegedly learning to play Doom. We go back to the original 2022 DishBrain paper out of Cortical Labs, unpack how biological neurons can be read and written with multi-electrode arrays, and then compare the peer-reviewed Pong result to the much newer Doom claim. The result is a story that is both genuinely impressive and, in places, probably overhyped.


    Summary


    Wetware engineering — replacing artificial neurons with real biological neurons plus electronics, and why some people think this could become a new computing paradigm.


    How DishBrain worked — human stem-cell-derived cortical neurons grown on a multi-electrode array, trained through sensory encoding and a “minimize surprise” feedback loop.


    Where the Doom story gets messy — the newer system appears to include a reinforcement-learning layer in the loop, raising the key question: are the neurons actually doing the learning?


    The big idea underneath the hype — even if Doom is overstated, the broader platform is still a remarkable step toward programmable biocomputing.


    Support the showDonate: FFPod.com/donateFollow: @FFPod on X / Instagram / TikTok / Facebook

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    1 hr and 13 mins
  • 5,000-Year-Old Bacteria, Solar Storms, Dogs, and Meta’s AI War (EP. 32)
    Mar 20 2026

    Hosted by Lester Nare and Krishna Choudhary, this is our first standalone rundown episode — a faster, looser format where we hit several stories we didn’t have room to turn into full deep dives. This week: bacteria revived from a Romanian ice cave after 5,000 years, a speculative but fascinating theory linking solar storms to earthquakes, new evidence that dogs and humans share genetic roots for personality traits, and the increasingly dramatic fight over the future of AI after Yann LeCun leaves Meta to build a new billion-dollar company focused on world models.


    Summary

    • Ancient bacteria, modern resistance — a microbe revived from a 5,000-year-old Romanian ice cave resists modern antibiotics and may even contain compounds useful against present-day superbugs.
    • Solar storms and earthquakes? — a Kyoto University theoretical paper suggests space weather could perturb electric fields in Earth’s crust enough to influence faults already near critical stress.
    • Dogs and humans, genetically — a Cambridge / Morris Animal Foundation study finds shared gene pathways that map to personality-like traits in both golden retrievers and humans.
    • The Meta AI split — Yann LeCun leaves Meta to pursue AI systems that model the physical world, arguing that simple scaling of LLMs may never reach real general intelligence.


    Support the showDonate: FFPod.com/donateFollow: @FFPod (X / Instagram / TikTok / Facebook)


    Show Notes

    • Story 1 — Ancient bacteria in Romanian ice cave (Frontiers in Microbiology)
    • Story 2 — Solar storms and earthquakes (Kyoto University / International Journal of Plasma Environmental Science and Technology)
    • Story 4 — Dog and human personality genes (PNAS)
    • Story 5 — Yann LeCun leaves Meta / world-model AI (Wired)
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    39 mins
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