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Scaffolds

Scaffolds

By: Scaffolds
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We release weekly episodes relevant to apple growers for twenty weeks from Late March to Mid August. Dr. Monique Rivera covers entomology pest management topics. Dr. Kerik Cox covers disease forecasting and apple pathology. Dr. Anna Wallis presents a weekly "state of the state" update including degree days, phenology, and insect pest captures. Hosts: Monique Rivera, Kerik Cox, Anna Wallis Post-Production: Monique Rivera, Kelsey Tobin Executive Producer: Monique Rivera Graphic Design: Iron Design Music: Sebastian RobertsonScaffolds Natural History Nature & Ecology Science
Episodes
  • 31 March 2026 - Season 4 Begins! Winter meetings, Scab predictions, and Degree Day Accumulations

    31 March 2026 - Season 4 Begins! Winter meetings, Scab predictions, and Degree Day Accumulations
    Mar 31 2026

    State of the State

    Historical Phenology and Average Degree Day Accumulation Base 43

    Silver Tip (McIntosh) || 58-106

    Green Tip (McIntosh) || 99-144

    Half Inch Green (McIntosh) || 150-201

    Tight Cluster (McIntosh) || 206-257

    Phenology & DDs for NY NEWA Stations from 1/1 - 3/30

    Station || Stage || DD 43F ||

    Geneva (AgriTech North) || silver tip || 114 ||

    Highland (HVRL) || early green || 138 ||

    Clifton Park || silver tip || 93 ||

    Peru (Forrence) || dormant || 65 ||

    Medina - Inland || silver tip || 107 ||

    Appleton North - Lake || silver tip || 88 ||

    Fairville (The Apple Shed) - Inland || silver tip || 120 ||

    Williamson (DeMarree) - Lake || silver tip || 99 ||

    *all DDs Baskerville-Emin, B.E

    Upcoming Pest Events

    Pest/Phenology Event || DD Base 43˚F || Approx. Date

    STLM Traps set out || 1-Apr

    Pear psylla – egg laying || 84 ± 44 || 33 ± 21 || 4-Apr ± 11 days

    RBLR – 1st catch || 144 ± 32 || 60 ± 20 || 17-Apr ± 9 days

    Rosy apple aphid – 1st nymphs present || 189 ± 55 || 86 ± 30 || 25-Apr ± 7 days

    STLM – 1st adult catch || 168 ± 48 || 73 ± 28 || 20-Apr ± 9 days

    STLM – 1st egg observed || 208 ± 65 || 94 ± 36 || 27-Apr ± 5 days

    ---

    Tight cluster (McIntosh) || 228 ± 27 || 105 ± 19 || 27-Apr ± 7 days

    Tarnished plant bug – 1st observed || 222 ± 105 || 105 ± 62 || 25-Apr ± 15 days

    OBLR – 1st overwintered larvae observed || 236 ± 78 || 112 ± 48 || 29-Apr ± 7 days

    Black stem borer – 1st adult catch || 283 ± 50 || 137 ± 40 || 6-May ± 3 days

    European red mite – egg hatch observed || 284 ± 53 || 134 ± 34 || 6-May ± 4 days

    —

    Scouting and Monitoring Resources

    Video: Apple Insect Targets and IPM Practices (including explanations of Degree Day calculations), https://youtu.be/NwyBAcvbpUs

    NY Tree Fruit Pest Monitoring Network Blog

    https://blogs.cornell.edu/treefruitpests/

    Interested in collaborating and contributing trap capture data? Contact Anna Wallis aew232@cornell.edu

    Quick Guide for Apple Insect Pests https://help.nysipm.org/hc/en-us/articles/23290226665751-NEWA-Quick-Guide-for-Apple-Insect-Pests

    Virtual Orchard Scout Training webinar recording on the Cornell IPM YouTube channel

    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OtyOWCL1Q2A

    Apple IPM Intensive Workshop playlist https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLoNb8lODb49vifrm9Tla4GmAVhlIL0527

    Northeast Regional Climate Change Monthly Maps

    https://www.nrcc.cornell.edu/regional/monthly/monthly.html

    NEWA Help Desk Frequently Asked Questions and Table of Contents. https://help.nysipm.org/hc/en-us/categories/16994462926231-NEWA-Network-for-Environment-and-Weather-Applications
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    58 mins
  • Season 3 Finale

    Season 3 Finale
    Aug 5 2025

    Thank you for a great season and good luck with harvest!

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    43 mins
  • 29 July 2025

    29 July 2025
    Jul 29 2025
    Historical Phenology and Average Degree Day Accumulation Base 43 (for reference)Phenology & DDs for NY NEWA Stations from 1/1 – 7/28Station || Stage || DD 43F || DD 50F ||Geneva (AgriTech North) || Fruit Sizing || 2486 || 1728Highland (HVRL) || Fruit Sizing || 2764 || 1946Clifton Park || Fruit Sizing || 2537 || 1771Peru (Forrence) || Fruit Sizing || 2240 || 1513Medina - Inland || Fruit Sizing || 2357 || 1620Appleton North - Lake || Fruit Sizing || 2244 || 1527Fairville (The Apple Shed) - Inland || Fruit Sizing || 2432 || 1693Williamson (DeMarree) - Lake || Fruit Sizing || 2362 || 1623*all DDs Baskerville-Emin, B.E Upcoming Pest EventsPest/Phenology Event || DD Base 43˚F || Approx. DateDogwood borer – 1st adult catch || 964 ± 230 || 571 ± 151 || 12-Jun ± 9 daysAmerican plum borer – 1st flight ending || 1344 ± 144 || 856 ± 111 || 29-Jun ± 7 days---------------------------------------------------------------Apple Maggot Traps Set Out (in orchard) || 1-JulERM Sample – 5.0 mites/leaf || 1-JulComstock mealybug tape traps set out || July 1 (ENY), July 15 (WNY)OFM – 2nd flight starting || 1180* ± 136* || 856 ± 106 || 29-Jun ± 5 daysOBLR Summer Gen. 1st Sample || 10-Jul ± 5 daysSTLM Summer Gen. 1st Sample || 9-Jul ± 7 daysRBLR – 2nd flight starting || 1367 ± 105 || 866 ± 135 || 29-Jun ± 6 daysAM – 1st catch || 1509 ± 285 || 973 ± 206 || 4-Jul ± 12 daysLesser peachtree borer – peak catch || 1234 ± 470 || 785 ± 338 || 25-Jun ± 19 daysSTLM – 2nd flight peak || 1563 ± 207 || 1011 ± 163 || 6-Jul ± 8 daysCodling moth – 1st flight ending || 1557 ± 262 || 1011 ± 187 || 6-Jul ± 12 daysPeachtree borer – peak catch || 1579 ± 465 || 1036 ± 353 || 7-Jul ± 19 daysLesser appleworm – 2nd flight starting || 1768 ± 339 || 1165 ± 240 || 14-Jul ± 12 daysOFM – 2nd flight peak || 1450* ± 147* || 1115 ± 190 || 11-Jul ± 9 daysAmerican plum borer – 2nd flight starting || 1850 ± 290 || 1231 ± 203 || 16-Jul ± 11 daysRBLR – 2nd flight peak || 1721 ± 232 || 1129 ± 176 || 13-Jul ± 7 daysSan Jose scale – 2nd flight starting || 1804 ± 170 || y1199 ± 136 || 15-Jul ± 8 daysCodling moth – 2nd flight starting || 1887 ± 313 || 1251 ± 223 || 20-Jul ± 13 daysDogwood borer – peak catch || 1611 ± 226 || 1040 ± 172 || 8-Jul ± 10 daysSTLM – 2nd flight ending || 2167 ± 177 || 1466 ± 151 || 28 Jul ± 8 daysAmerican plum borer – 2nd flight peak || 2290 ± 285 || 1564 ± 213 || 1-Aug ± 8 daysOFM – 2nd flight ending || 2044* ± 233* || 1545 ± 195 || 31-Jul ± 7 days*Base temperature for OFM 45FResources NOAA Storm Prediction Center & Severe Weather https://www.spc.noaa.gov/climo/reports/250703_rpts.html https://www.weather.gov/ Sunburn Pest Monitoring NetworksNY Tree Fruit Pest Monitoring NetworkNY Berry Pest Monitoring Network Interested in collaborating and contributing trap capture data? Contact Anna Wallis aew232@cornell.edu Virtual Orchard Scout Training webinar Online Course, BF224: Tree Fruit Scouting. Weather Northeast Regional Climate Change Monthly MapsNOAA Climate Prediction Center (forecasts and outlooks)NEWA and Pest ForecastingNEWA Help Desk Frequently Asked Questions NEWA Help Desk Apple Insect, Disease, and Crop Management Forecasts Quick Guide for Apple Insect Pests Apple IPM Intensive Workshop playlist: Apple Insect Targets and IPM Practices
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    45 mins
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